Hey, Vsauce. Michael here. Why do humans play games? Whether it's a video game or a board game or a physical game, like soccer - or football.
I don't have to put the ball in the net to survive, and, even if I did, why would I invite a goalie and another team? Games are weird. This lead Bernard Suits to say in the 70's that a game is a voluntary attempt to overcome unnecessary obstacles. So, why do we play sports and games https://irongaming.net/online-gambling-regulation/? How should we feel about intellectualism vs. athleticism? But, most importantly, why do Americans call this game soccer while the English, and the rest of the world, call it football? It turns out that the word "soccer" doesn't come from the United States of America. Instead, the blame for the word goes to the British themselves, specifically Oxford, where, since 1875, it has been popular to add the suffix "-er" to the end of words. For example, calling Radcliffe Camera the "Radder," or these "fivers" and "tenners." We have been playing games with balls and our feet ever since ancient times, all over the world. In fact, as recently as 200 years ago, many of these games called themselves "football." A lack of standardization meant that it was difficult to all come together and agree on what you could and couldn't do with the ball or your feet. But, luckily, in 1863 the Football Association was founded in London, England. Association football is what we most commonly mean nowadays when talking about football, or soccer. But what's the connection if the Oxford "-er" was added to Association football, shouldn't we be calling the game "Association-er?" Well, let's take a closer look at the word "association." You see what's hiding in there? There she is. "Soccer." But we're getting ahead of ourselves because soccer, football, is just one type of game. Ultimately, what is a game? Well, one of my favorite ways of defining "game" comes from computer game designer Chris Crawford. Let's begin with a book. This is a great book, it's really fun, it's entertaining, but it's not a game. TV shows and movies are also not games because, fundamentally, they aren't interactive. But as soon as something is both fun and interactive, well, now we've got ourselves a play-thing. There are two types of play-things, according to Crawford. If you can play with the object and it's fun but there's no goal or objective associated with it, it's a toy. If, however, there is an objective, something you're supposed to accomplish, well, now you're talking about a challenge. But there are two different types of challenges. If the challenge involves no other people or other agents, it's just you, for instance, playing alone with a Rubik's Cube, you've got yourself a puzzle. If, however, there are other people involved, well, now we've got ourselves a conflict. In a conflict, like a foot race, you aren't allowed to interfere with the other participants. This is what Crawford calls a "competition." If, however, you are allowed to interact with and interfere with the other players and they can do the same to you, well, in that case, we are talking about a full-fledged game. So, a game is interactive, goal-oriented, and involves other agents, for instance, other people who can interfere with and influence each other. Which means, technically speaking, that life is a game. I mean, real life. My life, your life, easily fit many definitions of "game." And, in life, there are games that we tend to call "sports." Now, competency at sports can divide humanity into two groups. Jocks, who are good at sports, and nerds who aren't. Jocks are literally named after the Jock Strap, which keeps your genitals supported while being athletic. But jocks are cool, right? They're fit, attractive, they get invited to all the cool parties where, in high school, they can do dangerous, cool things like get drunk. And who are you if you don't get drunk? Well, what's the word "drunk" backwards? You are a "Knurd." But that's not the origin of the word "nerd." There's much debate about where the word comes from, but what we do know is that it emerged as a slang term for "lame" or "square" in Detroit in the early 1950's.
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Now a days, poker is virtually synonymous with Texas Hold 'em. So, I want to know--I'm actually ignorant in these matters. Why did this happen?
How did it happen? And is it a good thing or a bad thing? It happened for two reasons. The first of which is probably the more important one, is television. Texas Hold 'em is the--in one sense, the simplest form of poker, two cards down, five cards up. You can teach it in--you know, what do they say, it takes a minute to learn, a lifetime to master? It's something that can be taught and is very easy for people to understand. So, for television reasons, it works well. From a poker players perspective Texas Hold 'em is the ideal game because you get four opportunities to influence the action. And a poker game for those of you who may not know this, and in Texas Hold 'em, at least, there's pre flop action, flop, turn, river. Each time, there's a round of betting Malaysian casino. So, in terms of poker much more than a five card draw or some of the stud games, you have four opportunities for skill to rise to the--rise to the top because in poker the skills is in the betting, pricing your hand appropriately. How do you price your hand at the appropriate level to induce the opposing party to do what you want them to do? How do you price it in an appropriate level to get them to buy or how do price it in an appropriate level to get them to fold? And so, if you have opportunities to do that in Texas Hold 'em, so it's a better game for that purposes, so. In your example you gave--in the puzzle you gave, you kind of assumed that I'm playing poker against people who are roughly of the same intelligence as I am and who roughly think the same way I am. And this is clearly not the case. I will be playing against some people who are dumber or some people who are smarter, some people who have completely different ways. How does your strategy work with--I'm not working with logicians, I'm not working with people that I know how they're going to view my cards? Well, I would say that there's a couple of different points on that. The first one of which is the riddle is designed to demonstrate a type of thinking or a concept that's integral to any poker success. The second thing I would say is that oftentimes how players act, something we call table image, your reputation as it were. And you can trade on that, the same way you can trade on any commodity. The perception you develop of your opposing players, that they're smarter than you, that they're dumber than you, is something that affects how you act. This is exactly why poker is such a good game for teaching strategic thought because just like this in a market situation--in any situation, you're going to be dealing with opposing parties, some of whom are better than you, some of who are worse than you, which will affect which markets you choose to enter. Which will affect what--how you interact with these people. And the way that reputation develops is a very interesting thing, and it's something that poker players often try to cultivate, very specific reputations. They want to be able what's called a tight-aggressive player. Maybe I don't play very many hands but when I play I'm going to get you to pay me a lot or something, which is meant, in part, to scare people away from hands that you don't want them to be on. But all these reputational facts are skills and strategies that develop at the able precisely because there are various types of play and various types of people. And this is one of the reasons why poker is so good at modeling some of the other interactions that you want to develop. Once you have gathered together your resource material for your research paper it is time to start taking notes. This seemingly easy task is often times one of the hardest for students to do well. How to determine what to note down and what to ignore is not always easy or obvious. Here are a few tips to help you learn how to take good and effective notes. The Most Important Point to Remember The golden rule of note taking is understanding what you are trying to accomplish with your notes. Often times everything in a book seems important and worthy of jotting down. This tends to undermine the benefit of taking notes. You then end up having to take notes of your notes - not a very efficient use of your time. The real goal of taking notes is to capture that information which you will need to help you put together a quality outline (which you will eventually turn into a rough draft). Find 100 brightest topics ideas for 2017 for your college research paper on Essay editors platform! In general, this is the type of information that you will want to jot down:
With that said, let's understand a bit better what it is you are looking for when researching your topic. The various ideas and positions relating to your thesis Whether you are arguing for a particular point of view or writing an overview of a subject, you will need to note the various arguments and opinions relating to your thesis. Note the pros and cons of each position. Make sure to paraphrase the ideas contained within rather than quoting them directly (unless you feel that a particular argument should be directly quoted). By rewriting the ideas you find valuable you save time later on and better understand the ideas that you are paraphrasing. If an idea or position is attributable to a particular individual then make sure to cite him or her as the source of the idea. Once you have gathered together your resource material for your research paper it is time to start taking notes. This seemingly easy task is often times one of the hardest for students to do well. How to determine what to note down and what to ignore is not always easy or obvious. Here are a few tips to help you learn how to take good and effective notes. Supporting facts, figures and statistic In order to build up a solid argument for your thesis you will need to provide useful quotes, facts, figures, stories, etc. Therefore, when researching your paper you should note these bits of information down whenever you come to them. However, don't just note that information which can help you to better argue your position, also be on the look for those facts and figures which can help you to clearly explain and describe to your reader the issues and ideas contained within your paper. Here is a list of possible information that you can use in your paper:
If an idea makes sense to you note why that is so. If a particular argument seems weak then explain why. Furthermore, if you do not understand something or you do not think that a particular position makes sense, note that down too. A good question is as valuable as a good argument or idea. do not underestimate the importance of your particular perspective. In some ways, this is the heart of your paper - your take on the subject at hand. Furthermore, by spending the time to develop your own ideas on the topic you will deepen your understanding of the various facts, figures and arguments that you encounter in your research. Relevant Biographical Information Ideas, facts and figures do not exist in a vacuum - they come from particular people and organizations (some of whom are more trustworthy than others). Therefore, it's not enough to simply note who says what, but you also need to research and write down a short biography on your sources. Note, in particular, any information which either establishes or undermines the value of their opinions or information. Citations for Your Bibliography When researching your subject make sure to note your sources as you go along. This makes creating a bibliography much easier later on (not to mention that it prevents you from accidentally plagiarizing other works). If possible, note your sources in the same format as your (future) bibliography. Again, this will save you time later on as your bibliography will be half-finished by the time you need to write it. Making the Most of Your Notes Good note taking skills does not depend solely on knowing what to take notes on, but also understanding how to take notes. Here are a few helpful suggestions: Keep Different Types of Notes Separate and Distinct As we noted above, there are different types of notes - notes for you bibliography, notes for your supporting arguments, etc. Try and keep these notes separate and distinct so that you can easily access them later on. For instance, writing your bibliography will be much simpler if you have all your citation notes in one place (as opposed to having to sift through all of your notes to find all of your citations). Review, Edit and (Re)Organize Again Your Notes While you take notes you will want to organize them intelligently - that is to say, in a way that will allow you to easily review and utilize your notes later on. Then, once you have finished taking notes, review and analyze them. Try to logically (re)organize your notes (this is easier if you take notes on a computer). At the same time pare down your notes to the most important and valuable information. By properly organizing and editing your notes you will make it much easier to produce a quality outline and first draft of your paper. For this reason you shouldn't be worried about taking too many notes the first time through (so long as you do not go overboard and write everything down as a note). The first time through your goal is to note any and everything that may be of assistance to your note taking goals (see above). The review process is then designed to turn those notes into a powerful resource tool for your paper. Whether you’re in high school or in college, you will inevitably come across a time when you have to ride the bus. That may involve a short ride home, or it may involve a full road trip. Whatever the case may be, you will probably have to find a way to study in the midst of a bumpy ride. This is easier said than done. It is possible to study on a bus, but it is far from easy to do. If you are thinking about doing this in the future, the tips below will help you get through the process the best you can.
Read and Pause, Read and Pause Buses are always bumpy, so you can’t expect to get a lot of reading done when you ride on a bus. If you do have to read to study, you need to master the art of reading and pausing. If you don’t do this, you run the risk of getting a massive headache while you study on the road. That will inevitably worsen your chances of studying when you get home. Read a sentence or two, and then close your eyes. Repeat this process as often as you can to avoid staring at a shaky screen for too long. Study Beforehand Ideally, you need to reserve your bus time for refreshing information in your mind. This is not the time to actually buckle down and study. Try to have most of your studying done before you get on the bus so that all you have to do is review the information. You can make flash cards to look over on the bus, or you could have a practice test already filled out. Then all you will have to do is look it over when you get on the road. Drown out the Noise You will probably have noise to deal with while you are on the bus. The noise could be coming from the people in the vehicle with you, or it could be coming from the road you’re on. No matter what the situation is, you will need to find a way to drown out the noise around you. That will help you focus on your studying. I usually do this by listening to music that I’ve heard a million times over because I’m not tempted to listen to the words of the music. It’s just there to mute out everything else. Don’t Get Your Hopes Up No matter how much you try to study on a bus, you probably won’t get very far with it. Someone is going to rip a big fart in the bus, and you’re just going to have to make a joke about having an exhaust leak. Well, that may not be the exact situation that happens, but you get the idea. You can try to study on a bus, but don’t rely on the bus for study time. That you will probably need to take on solid ground. If you have a big test coming up in one of your courses, you may want to plan your studying around the bus trip – not on it. The tips above will just give you the best possible chance at maximizing your time on the road. If you have dreams of becoming a great singer, the process might be easier than you think. Many people will have you believe that singing takes years of expensive lessons, and that if you didn’t start studying voice at the age of 7 months, that right now you have very little chance of ever being considered a good singer.
Many people will also tell you that if you can’t read music, then you will never learn to sing. The final myth that you hear all the time is that unless you are naturally born with an “ear” for tone and pitch, you’ll never be a good singer. But even if you’ve never studied music, never studied singing, can’t naturally hear pitch, didn’t sing like Enya in the womb, and can’t read Beethoven’s music, you can learn how to sing good if it’s something that you really want to do. All you have to do is learn a few basic tips, and practice as much as you possibly can. No one will be calling you the next Whitney Houston or Mariah Carey, of course, but you will be able to improve your singing much faster, and much easier than you ever thought possible. These simple steps will likely have you singing 10 times better than you do right now in a matter of 2 weeks. People will be shocked. Categorize Your Sound There are 2 different voices that people have. Men are considered to have a full voice (the lower pitches), and a falsetto voice (the higher pitches). For women the lower pitches are called the chest voice, and the higher pitches are called the head voice. Pick Your Music First you want to just choose a lick of music to practice with. This can be anything from a commercial that you happen to know the words to, or a minute’s worth of your favorite song. Don’t worry if you don’t sound good at first. Just write down the words and sing them however you can. Next notice how you’re forming each and every word you are singing as you sing. Are you starting to hear something weird? Listen to the original piece of music, and see if you are forming the words in the same way that the singer is. Make sure you are forming your vowel sounds correctly. Many times, incorrect sound is produced when you pronounce vowels wrong while you’re singing. Make sure that you are also enunciating your consonants properly. Pronouncing words right is a huge part of singing properly. You may have been thinking that you were unable to hit a note, when the real issue was simply your pronunciation. Breath Properly Next you want to check your breathing. When you are breathing from your diaphragm, you want to fill your stomach up while you’re taking in air. Then when you are releasing air, while you sing, your stomach should be getting smaller. In this way, you are breathing from the lowest part of your abdominal area to sing, and that is where you have a larger store of breath. If you just breathe from your chest, you will not have enough strength to hit most notes. Practice When you practice your singing, you don’t have to dedicate 12 hours a day to voice exercises, annoying every member of your household. You can even just work with your voice for 5 minutes a day and you will still make improvements, (though it is recommended that you aim for at least 10 minutes or more each day). Practice also doesn’t have to be hard. It will often be very easy. Just realize that all you are doing is using the muscles that control your voice. When you use them more, you will naturally sing better. Hope you enjoy how to sing good article here. |
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